A Estimulação Elétrica Transcraniana (tDCS) consiste na aplicação de corrente elétrica contínua de baixa intensidade sobre a cabeça capaz de gerar mudanças na excitabilidade cerebral. A técnica pode aumentar ou reduzir a atividade cerebral dependendo do local e posicionamento dos eletrodos na cabeça, que por sua vez dependerá da doença do paciente. O último vídeo (de Marom Bikson) ilustra a polarização elétrica do cérebro durante o estímulo com tDCS.

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Para que serve o tDCS?

LTA, área temporoparietal esquerda; V1, Córtex Visual; DLPFC, Córtex Dorsolateral prefrontal; M1, Córtex motor; D, direito; E, esquerdo.

Quantas sessões de tDCS são necessárias? Quanto tempo leva para aliviar os sintomas da doença em questão?

A indicação inicial é de 15 a 30 sessões

Quais são as contra-indicações do tDCS?

Implantes cerebrais de clipes metálicos próximo a região a ser estimulada.

O tDCS pode ser administrado com medicações?

Sim, não existem problemas na associação de medicações com o tDCS.

Qual é a duração da sessão de tDCS?

30 minutos, podendo ser feita de 1 a 4 vezes ao dia com pelo menos 30 min de intervalo.

Quais são os efeitos colaterais?

Os mais comuns são dor de cabeça, tontura e irritação na pele – mas todos leves e transitórios

Artigos sobre tDCS de Pedro Schestatsky

1: Brunoni AR, Schestatsky P, Lotufo PA, Benseñor IM, Fregni F. Comparison of blinding effectiveness between sham tDCS and placebo sertraline in a 6-week major depression randomized clinical trial. Clin Neurophysiol. 2014 Feb;125(2):298-305.

2: Guleyupoglu B, Schestatsky P, Edwards D, Fregni F, Bikson M. Classification of methods in transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) and evolving strategy from historical approaches to contemporary innovations. J Neurosci Methods. 2013 Oct

15;219(2):297-311.

3: Schestatsky P, Morales-Quezada L, Fregni F. Simultaneous EEG monitoring during transcranial direct current stimulation. J Vis Exp. 2013 Jun 17;(76).

4: Schestatsky P, Simis M, Freeman R, Pascual-Leone A, Fregni F. Non-invasive brain stimulation and the autonomic nervous system. Clin Neurophysiol. 2013 Sep;124(9):1716-28.

5: Schestatsky P, Janovik N, Lobato MI, Belmonte-de-Abreu P, Schestatsky S, Shiozawa P, Fregni F. Rapid therapeutic response to anodal tDCS of right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in acute mania. Brain Stimul. 2013 Jul;6(4):701-3.

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Artigos sobre tDCS da equipe

1: Scarabelot VL, Medeiros LF, de Oliveira C, Adachi LN, de Macedo IC, Cioato SG,de Freitas JS, de Souza A, Quevedo A, Caumo W, Torres IL. Melatonin Alters the Mechanical and Thermal Hyperalgesia Induced by Orofacial Pain Model in Rats. Inflammation. 2016 Oct;39(5):1649-59. doi: 10.1007/s10753-016-0399-y. PubMed PMID: 27378529.

2: Cioato SG, Medeiros LF, Marques Filho PR, Vercelino R, de Souza A, Scarabelot  VL, de Oliveira C, Adachi LN, Fregni F, Caumo W, Torres IL. Long-Lasting Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the Reversal of Hyperalgesia and Cytokine Alterations Induced by the Neuropathic Pain Model. Brain Stimul. 2016 Mar-Apr;9(2):209-17. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2015.12.001. Epub 2015 Dec 15. PubMed PMID: 26775175.

3: Filho PR, Vercelino R, Cioato SG, Medeiros LF, de Oliveira C, Scarabelot VL, Souza A, Rozisky JR, Quevedo Ada S, Adachi LN, Sanches PR, Fregni F, Caumo W, Torres IL. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) reverts behavioral alterations and brainstem BDNF level increase induced by neuropathic pain model: Long-lasting effect. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Jan 4;64:44-51. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.06.016. Epub 2015 Jul 7. PubMed PMID: 26160698.

4: Souza A, Dussan-Sarria JA, Medeiros LF, Souza AC, Oliveira C, Scarabelot VL, Adachi LN, Winkelmann-Duarte EC, Philippi-Martins BB, Netto CA, Caumo W, Torres IL. Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy reduces c-Fos activation in the rat hippocampus: evidence of a long-lasting effect. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2014 Nov;38:213-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.09.003. Epub 2014 Sep 27. PubMed PMID: 25262910.

5: Laste G, Caumo W, Adachi LN, Rozisky JR, de Macedo IC, Filho PR, Partata WA, Fregni F, Torres IL. After-effects of consecutive sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in a rat model of chronic inflammation. Exp Brain Res. 2012 Aug;221(1):75-83. doi: 10.1007/s00221-012-3149-x. Epub 2012 Jul 3. PubMed PMID: 22752510.

6: Rozisky JR, Medeiros LF, Adachi LS, Espinosa J, de Souza A, Neto AS, Bonan CD, Caumo W, Torres IL. Morphine exposure in early life increases nociceptive behavior in a rat formalin tonic pain model in adult life. Brain Res. 2011 Jan 7;1367:122-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.10.041. Epub 2010 Oct 23. PubMed PMID: 20977897.

7: de Campos TN, Adachi LK, Miashiro K, Yoshida H, Shinkai RS, Neto PT, Frigerio ML. Effect of surface topography of implant abutments on retention of cemented single-tooth crowns. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2010 Aug;30(4):409-13. PubMed PMID: 20664843.

8: Rozisky JR, da Silva RS, Adachi LS, Capiotti KM, Ramos DB, Bogo MR, Bonan CD, Sarkis JJ, Torres IL. Neonatal morphine exposure alters E-NTPDase activity and gene expression pattern in spinal cord and cerebral cortex of rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2010 Sep 10;642(1-3):72-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.05.044. Epub 2010 Jun 8. PubMed PMID: 20553911.

9: Adachi LK, Saiki M, de Campos TN, Adachi EM, Shinkai RS. Initial enamel wear of glazed and polished leucite-based porcelains with different fusing temperatures. Gen Dent. 2009 Jul-Aug;57(4):363-7. PubMed PMID: 19903616.

10: Missaka R, Adachi LK, Tamaki R, Shinkai RS, Campos TN, Horikawa O. Development of an experimental optoelectronic device to study the amplitude of mandibular movements. Braz Oral Res. 2008 Apr-Jun;22(2):151-7. PubMed PMID: 18622485.

11: Rozisky JR, Dantas G, Adachi LS, Alves VS, Ferreira MB, Sarkis JJ, Torres IL. Long-term effect of morphine administration in young rats on the analgesic opioid response in adult life. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2008 Oct;26(6):561-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2008.05.005. Epub 2008 May 16. PubMed PMID: 18579332.

12: Campos TN, Inoue CH, Yamamoto E, Araki AT, Adachi LK, Rodriguez JE. Evaluation of the apical seal after intraradicular retainer removal with ultrasound or carbide bur. Braz Oral Res. 2007 Jul-Sep;21(3):253-8. PubMed PMID: 17710292.

13: Campos TN, Adachi LK, Chorres JE, Campos AC, Muramatsu M, Gioso MA. Holographic interferometry method for assessment of static load stress distribution in dog mandible. Braz Dent J. 2006;17(4):279-84. PubMed PMID: 17262139.

14: Bodey GP, Adachi L, Jones V. Effect of candicidin on fungal flora of the gastrointestinal tract. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 1974 Mar;16(3):207-13. PubMed PMID: 4206727.

15: Chahud A, Adachi L, Makino R, Espejo H, Alvarez R. [The study of lipoproteins in myocardial infarct]. Prensa Med Argent. 1969 May 23;56(12):536-9. Spanish. PubMed PMID: 5343926.

16: MIRO-QUESADA O Jr, AYULO VM, ADACHI L. Experimental combination treatment of disseminated cancer, in man, with mitomycin C, "Ayulo's filtrate," prednisolone, and/or androgen. Cancer Chemother Rep. 1961 Jul;13:113-21. PubMed PMID: 13771190.